Bannerghatta National Park UPSC
Bannerghatta National Park is a popular wildlife sanctuary and national park located in the state of Karnataka, India. It is named after the village Bannerghatta, a pilgrimage centre located near the Bannerghatta Biological Park in the northeast corner of the Bannerghatta National Park.
It is known for its diverse flora and fauna. The park is home to a wide variety of animals, including tigers, lions, leopards, elephants, sloth bears, deer, and numerous species of birds. It also houses a butterfly park and a zoo.
One of the major attractions of the park is the safari, where visitors can take a guided tour to see the animals in their natural habitat. It is famous for its Tiger and Lion Safaris. The safari includes a drive through the herbivore area and a separate enclosure for tigers and lions. Visitors can also explore the park on foot through designated trekking trails and nature walks.
|
Table of Contents
|
Bannerghatta National Park Location
Bannerghatta National Park is located in the southern part of Karnataka, India. It is situated approximately 22 kilometers (14 miles) south of Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka. The park is easily accessible from Bangalore, and it takes about an hour to reach there by road, depending on the traffic conditions.
Bannerghatta National Park is situated in the Anekal mountain range and is home to elephants. It’s situated on the northern terminal point of Mysuru Elephant Reserve. Elephants use the Bannerghatta National Park as a corridor between the BR Hills (Biligirirangana Hills) and the Sathyamangalam forest.
Nearest Airport:
Kempegowda International Airport Bengaluru is the nearest airport to Bannerghatta National Park, which is 60 Km away.
Nearest Railway Station:
Bengaluru Railway Station is the nearest railway station to Bannerghatta National Park, which is 22 Km away.
Bannerghatta National Park History
Bannerghatta National Park has an interesting history that dates back several decades. Here is a brief overview of its history:
1. Early Establishment: The area where Bannerghatta National Park is located has a long history of conservation. In the 1960s, it was established as a zoological park and was used to rehabilitate and conserve wild animals. The park initially covered a smaller area compared to its current size.
2. Expansion and Formal Declaration: In 1971, Bannerghatta National Park was officially established as a biological park and wildlife sanctuary. The park's boundaries were expanded to accommodate a larger area, encompassing a variety of habitats, including dry deciduous forests, scrublands, and grasslands.
3. Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation: In the early years, Bannerghatta National Park primarily focused on rescuing and rehabilitating orphaned, injured, and captive animals. It served as a center for providing medical care, shelter, and a natural environment for the animals.
4. Declaration as a National Park: In 1974, the Government of Karnataka declared Bannerghatta National Park as a national park, recognizing its ecological significance and the need for its conservation. This elevated its status and increased efforts for its protection and preservation.
5. Lion Safari Park: In 1979, a lion safari park was built in Bannerghatta National Park.
6. Tiger Safari Park: In 1987, a tiger safari park was established in Bannerghatta National Park.
7. Bannerghatta Biological Park: In 2002, a portion of the Bannerghatta National Park, became a biological reserve, the Bannerghatta Biological Park (BBP). The BBP has four divisions: the zoo, the safari, the butterfly park, and the rescue centre. It is the first biological park in India to have a fenced forested elephant sanctuary.
8. Bannerghatta Butterfly Park: In 2006, India's first butterfly enclosure was inaugurated at the Bannerghatta National Park.
Bannerghatta National Park Area
Bannerghatta National Park covers an area of approximately 260.51 sq km. (100.55 square miles.). The park encompasses a diverse range of habitats, including dense forests, scrublands, grasslands, and a man-made lake. These varied ecosystems support a rich biodiversity, making the park an important ecological reserve.
Within the park, there are different zones and sections that cater to various activities and attractions. This includes the safari area, where visitors can take a guided tour to observe animals in their natural habitat. There is also a zoo, butterfly park, trekking trails, a children's park, and a museum, among other facilities.
The expansive area of Bannerghatta National Park provides ample space for wildlife to roam freely and for visitors to explore and appreciate the natural wonders of the region.
Bannerghatta National Park Hills
Bannerghatta National Park is situated in the Anekal Mountain Range, which adds to its natural beauty and biodiversity. The Anekal mountain range is located in the southern part of Karnataka, near the town of Anekal.
The Anekal mountain range in the vicinity of Bannerghatta National Park offer scenic landscapes and provide a backdrop to the park's diverse ecosystems. The hills contribute to the park's topography and influence the vegetation, water sources, and wildlife habitats within its boundaries.
Bannerghatta National Park River
Bannerghatta National Park is traversed by the Suvarnamukhi River, also known as the Suvarnamukhi Nala. This river flows through the park, adding to its natural beauty and providing a water source for the diverse ecosystems within the park.
The Suvarnamukhi River originates in the Ragihalli forest area, located near the outskirts of Bangalore. It then passes through Bannerghatta National Park, meandering its way through the park's lush greenery and diverse habitats.
Bannerghatta National Park Flora
What is the flora of Bannerghatta National Park?/What type of forest is Bannerghatta National Park?/What is the biodiversity of Bannerghatta?
Bannerghatta National Park boasts a rich and diverse flora, representing various ecosystems and habitats. The park's vegetation consists of a mix of evergreen forests, deciduous forests, scrublands, grasslands, and wetlands.
Here are some notable flora found in Bannerghatta National Park:
Narcissus latifolia: Narcissus latifolia, commonly known as the broad-leaved narcissus, is a flowering plant species. It produces showy yellow flowers.
Schleichera oleosa: Schleichera oleosa, also known as the lac tree or kusum tree, is a medium-sized tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It is known for its hard wood and the production of a resinous substance called lac.
Terminalia tomentosa: Terminalia tomentosa, commonly known as the Indian silver oak or ashoka tree, is a large deciduous tree found in various parts of India. It is valued for its ornamental appearance and is often planted for its shade and timber.
Sandalwood: Sandalwood (Santalum album) is a highly prized tree known for its fragrant heartwood. It is used in the production of incense, perfumes, and traditional medicines. Sandalwood trees are native to southern India, and their cultivation is actively promoted for commercial purposes.
Neem: Neem (Azadirachta indica) is a versatile tree with multiple uses. It is known for its medicinal properties and is extensively used in Ayurvedic medicine. Neem leaves, bark, and oil are utilized for various purposes, including skincare, pest control, and more.
T. arjuna: Terminalia arjuna, commonly known as arjuna or arjun tree, is a species of deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It has significance in Ayurveda and is believed to have medicinal properties, particularly for heart-related ailments.
Grewia tilaefolia: Grewia tilaefolia is a species of shrub or small tree belonging to the family Malvaceae. It is native to India and is known for its attractive flowers.
Tamarind: Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a tropical tree that produces edible, tangy fruits. It is widely cultivated for its culinary uses, as the pulp of the tamarind fruit is used in various dishes, sauces, and beverages.
Bamboo: Bamboo is a fast-growing perennial grass with various species found in Bannerghatta National Park. Bamboo is known for its versatile uses, including construction, handicrafts, and as a food source for certain animals.
Eucalyptus: Eucalyptus is a diverse genus of flowering trees and shrubs, many of which are native to Australia. Some species have been introduced to other parts of the world, including India. Eucalyptus trees are valued for their timber, essential oils, and as a source of nectar for honey production.
Bauhinia purpurea: Bauhinia purpurea, commonly known as the purple orchid tree or butterfly tree, is a species of flowering tree. It is known for its striking purple flowers and is often cultivated as an ornamental tree.
Samanea saman: Samanea saman, also known as the rain tree or monkey pod tree, is a large, spreading tree with a wide canopy. It is native to tropical regions, including India. The tree is known for its umbrella-like canopy and attractive pink or white flowers.
Peltophorum pterocarpum: Peltophorum pterocarpum, commonly known as the copperpod or golden shower tree, is a medium-sized deciduous tree. It is native to tropical regions and is renowned for its clusters of bright yellow flowers that bloom in abundance, creating a stunning visual display.
Bannerghatta National Park Fauna (Bannerghatta National Park Animals)
Bannerghatta National Park is renowned for its rich and diverse fauna. The park is home to numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects. Here are some notable examples of the fauna found in Bannerghatta National Park:
Mammals:
- Indian Elephants
- Royal Bengal Tiger
- Lions
- Indian leopard
- Gaur
- Jackal
- Fox
- Sloth Bear
- Indian Gazelle
- Spotted Deer (Chital)
- Barking Deer
- Common Langur
- Bonnet Macaque
- Porcupine
- Hare
- Wild Boar
- Pangolin
- Striped Hyenas
- Slender Loris
Birds:
- Cormorants
- Little Green Herons
- Grey Herons
- Paradise Flycatchers
- Tickell’s Blue Flycatchers
- Common Grey Hornbills
- White-bellied Drongos
- Spotted Owlets
- Collared Scops Owls
- Mottled Wood Owls
- Eurasian Eagle Owls
- Peafowl
- Grey Jungle Fowl
- Partridges
Reptiles:
- Monitor Lizard
- Cobras
- Python
- Russell's Viper
- Krait
- Crocodile
- Tortoises
Butterfly Park in Bannerghatta National Park
Bannerghatta National Park have a dedicated Butterfly Park within its premises, consisting of a butterfly garden, butterfly conservatory, museum, research laboratory, and a curio shop. The butterfly garden spans approximately 7.5 acres and provides a suitable habitat for various species of butterflies to thrive.
The development of the Butterfly Park began in 2003 and was completed in 2007. Since then, it has become a popular attraction within Bannerghatta National Park. The park is home to a diverse range of butterfly species, with a recorded count of 48 species in the area. Visitors have the opportunity to observe these beautiful insects in their natural surroundings.
In addition to the butterfly garden, the park features a butterfly conservatory where butterflies can be seen in a controlled environment. The conservatory provides a close-up view of butterflies and allows visitors to learn more about their behavior and life cycle.
The Butterfly Park also houses a museum that provides educational exhibits and information about butterflies, their habitat, and conservation efforts. It offers visitors the chance to enhance their understanding of butterflies and their ecological importance.
For those interested in further exploration, the research laboratory within the Butterfly Park is worth a visit. It provides insights into the study and conservation efforts related to butterflies. Additionally, there is a captive breeding laboratory where butterflies are bred and raised, contributing to conservation efforts and research.
Visiting the Butterfly Park at Bannerghatta National Park offers a unique and enriching experience, allowing visitors to appreciate the beauty of butterflies, gain knowledge about their habitat, and contribute to their conservation.
Bannerghatta National Park UPSC Questions
Q. What is Bannerghatta National Park known for?/What is Bannerghatta National Park famous for?
A. Bannerghatta National Park is known for its rich biodiversity, diverse wildlife, Safari Experience, Butterfly Park, Zoo and Rescue Center, Trekking and Nature Trails and various attractions.
Q. Which river passes through Bannerghatta National Park?
A. Suvarnamukhi river passes through Bannerghatta National Park.
Q. Who built Bannerghatta National Park?
A. In 1974, the Government of Karnataka declared Bannerghatta National Park as a national park.
Q. Which was the first butterfly national park in India?/Which is Asia's first butterfly park?
A. Bannerghatta National Park Butterfly Park as the first butterfly national park in India.
Q. How many tigers are there in Bannerghatta forest?
A. The Bannerghatta National Park houses 33 tigers, including 7 white tigers.
Q. Bannerghatta National Park is famous for which animal?
A. Bannerghatta National Park is famous for Tigers, Lions, Indian Elephant etc. animal.
Q. Where is Bannerghatta National Park?/Bannerghatta National Park is located in which state?/Bannerghatta National Park which district?
A. Bannerghatta National Park is located in the Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Q. How big is Bannerghatta National Park?
A. Bannerghatta National Park covers an area of approximately 260.51 sq km. (100.55 square miles.).
Q. Bannerghatta National Park how many acres?
A. 64,415.83 acres.
No comments:
Post a Comment