Rajbari National Park UPSC (Bison National Park UPSC)
Rajbari National Park, also known as Bison National Park, is a national park in Tripura, India. It was established to protect the Indian gaur, also known as bison.
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Rajbari National Park Location
Rajbari National Park is located in the Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary in Tripura. It is situated in the South Tripura District of Tripura, India.
Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport is at Agartala which is around 90 kilometers away.
Nearest Railway Station:
- Kumarghat Railway Station
- Dharma Nagar Railway Station
Rajbari National Park History
In 1988: Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary was founded. The sanctuary is situated in South Tripura District. It was established to restore the natural living habitat of India Bison.
In 2007: The Rajbari National Park was established within Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary to protect the Indian gaur, a type of bison.
Rajbari National Park Area
Rajbari (Bison) National Park covers an area of about 31.63 square kilometres (12.21 sq mi) within the Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary. Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary overs an area of about 163.08 square kilometres.
Rajbari National Park River
Gumti River flow through the Rajbari National Park. It is the main water source for the park's wildlife.
Gumti River separates the Sipahijola Wildlife Sanctuary (Clouded Leopard National Park) from Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary (Bison National Park). The Gumti River plays a significant role in demarcating the boundaries between these two sanctuaries.
Rajbari National Park Flora
The Rajbari National Park is home to a diverse range of flora species that can be found throughout the park and its surrounding areas.
(1) Forest Types:
The Rajbari National Park consists of four distinct types of forests:
(a). Deciduous with a mixed moist climate: This type of forest is characterized by trees that shed their leaves seasonally and thrive in a moist climate.
(b). Tropical semi-evergreen: These forests have a mix of evergreen and deciduous trees and are found in regions with a tropical climate.
(c). Eastern Himalayan: This forest type is associated with the eastern Himalayan region, characterized by diverse species of trees and plants.
(d). Savannah: The Savannah refers to open plains with grassy terrain and sparse trees and shrubs. This type of habitat is ideal for bison.
(2) Medicinal Plants:
Rajbari National Park is home to various medicinal plants, including Rudraksh, tulsi (also known as holy basil), and kalmegh. These plants have traditional medicinal uses and are valued for their healing properties.
(3) Abundance of Bamboo:
Bamboo, a type of grass that grows in dense clusters, is abundant in the park. Bison, being herbivores, often rely on bamboo as a favored food source. The availability of bamboo contributes to the suitability of the park's habitat for bison.
Rajbari National Park Fauna (Rajbari National Park Animals)
Rajbari National Park has a wide variety of fauna species, including mammals, birds and reptiles.
Mammals:
- Bison
- Leopards
- Civets
- Small Cats
- Crab Eating Mongoose
- Flying Squirrel
- Porcupine
- Wild Boars
- Gibbons
- Langurs
Birds:
- Tailorbird
- Pheasant Tailed Jacana
- Pheasants
- White-breasted Kingfisher
- Hornbill
- Indian Black Drongo
Reptiles:
- Indian Python
- King Cobra
- Monitor Lizard
- Indian Rock Python
Indian Gaur (Bison)
The Indian Gaur, also known as the Indian Bison, is a majestic and powerful bovine species that is native to South Asia. It is one of the largest species of wild cattle and is found in various forested regions, including national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
The Indian Gaur has a robust build with a muscular body and a prominent dorsal ridge. It has a dark brown or black coat, with short and coarse hair. The males are larger and more heavily built than the females, with a distinctive high and arched forehead.
Indian Gaurs primarily inhabit forested areas, grasslands, and hilly terrains. They are known for their grazing habits and consume a variety of grasses, shrubs, and leaves. Gaurs are social animals and usually live in herds, led by a dominant male called a "bull." These herds can consist of up to 30 individuals or more.
Due to habitat loss, poaching, and hunting, the Indian Gaur population has faced significant threats and is considered vulnerable. However, conservation efforts, including the establishment of protected areas like national parks and sanctuaries, have been crucial in their conservation.
Rajbari National Park UPSC Questions
Q. Where is Rajbari National Park situated?/Bison National Park in which state?
A. Rajbari National Park is located in the South Tripura District of Tripura, India.
Q. What is Rajbari National Park also known as?
A. Rajbari National Park is also known as Bison National Park.
Q. Bison Bational Park is famous for?
A. Bison Bational Park is famous for Indian Guar or Bison.
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