Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Punjab, India. The sanctuary is recognized for its historical significance, ecological diversity, and its role in preserving native flora and fauna. 

As a protected area, it offers a habitat for various wildlife species and contributes to conservation efforts in the region.

Table of Contents Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Location Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary History Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Area Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Flora Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna Mammals Birds Reptile Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Location

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Patiala district of Punjab, India. It falls within the jurisdiction of the Patiala Forest Division (Wildlife). The sanctuary is situated on the Patiala – Dakala Road, approximately 5 km from the town of Patiala. The entry to the sanctuary is from the Patiala – Dakala link road, which passes along its southern fringe.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:

The nearest airport to Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is Chandigarh Airport. It is located in Chandigarh, which is the capital city of both Punjab and Haryana states in India. The airport is approximately 63 kilometers (about 39 miles) away from the sanctuary.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:

The nearest railway station to Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is Patiala Railway Station. It is located in the city of Patiala, which is around 8 kilometers (about 5 miles) from the sanctuary. You can reach the sanctuary from the Patiala Railway Station by taking a bus or a taxi.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary History

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary has a historical significance that dates back to its establishment and previous uses. Here is a brief history of the sanctuary:

Early Use as Hunting Reserve: Before being declared a wildlife sanctuary, Bir Moti Bagh served as a renowned hunting reserve for the kings of the Patiala state. It was a favored location for royal hunting activities.

Wildlife Imports: During earlier times, the Patiala Maharaja imported species such as German Wild Pig and Red Junglefowl to the sanctuary for recreational purposes. Additionally, the Spotted Deer and Black Buck were introduced to the sanctuary by the wildlife department.

Protected Forest and Wildlife Sanctuary: On February 28, 1952, Bir Moti Bagh was officially declared a protected forest and a wildlife sanctuary under the Preservation of Fauna of Patiala Act, 1896. This marked the formal recognition of the area's importance for wildlife conservation and protection.

Eco Sensitive Zone Designation: A significant milestone in the sanctuary's history occurred on March 11, 2016, when it was declared an Eco Sensitive Zone through Notification No. S.O. 1055E. This designation highlighted the importance of preserving the delicate balance between human activities and the sanctuary's ecological integrity. The recognition underscored Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary's role in promoting sustainable practices and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Area

The total area of Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is 654.00 hectares. 

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Flora

The flora of Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is diverse and contributes to the sanctuary's ecological richness. The sanctuary's vegetation plays a crucial role in providing habitat and sustenance for various wildlife species. Here are some of the plant species that are commonly found in the sanctuary:

Prosopis juliflora: Also known as mesquite, this hardy and drought-resistant tree is commonly found in dry regions and can provide food and shelter for wildlife.

Acacia nilotica: Also known as babul or Indian gum arabic tree, this species is well adapted to arid conditions and provides a source of food and shade.

Delbergia sissoo: Also known as Indian rosewood, this tree is valued for its timber and is often found near water bodies.

Albizia lebbeck: Known as siris, this tree is known for its attractive flowers and provides shade and fodder.

Karir: A shrub commonly found in dry areas, providing food and shelter for wildlife.

Bamboo: Often forming dense thickets, bamboo provides cover and food for various animals.

Karonda: This berry-bearing shrub is a valuable food source for both wildlife and local communities.

Eucalyptus: Known for its aromatic leaves, eucalyptus trees are often planted for their fast growth and wood.

Teak: A valuable timber tree that supports a range of wildlife.

Lasura: Also known as Indian plum, this tree produces edible fruits.

Imli (Tamarind): This iconic tree produces pods with a tangy fruit pulp.

Jamun (Black Plum): Another fruit-bearing tree that is important for both wildlife and humans.

Khajoor (Date Palm): Known for its nutritious and sweet fruit.

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)

What animals are found in Bir Moti Bagh wildlife sanctuary?

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a variety of fauna, showcasing the richness of biodiversity within its boundaries. The sanctuary provides habitat for a range of wildlife species, both avian and terrestrial. Here are some of the notable fauna species that can be found in the sanctuary:

Mammals:

• Black Buck
• Chital
• Hog Deer
• Blue Bull
• Wild Boar
• Jackal
• Rhesus Monkeys
• Indian Hare 
• Indian Porcupine
• Jungle Cat 
• Indian Palm Squirrel

Birds:

• Peafowl
• Indian Grey Hornbill
• White-throated Kingfisher
• Rose-ringed Parakeet
• Common Myna
• Red-vented Bulbul
• Indian Roller
• Grey Heron

Reptiles:

• Indian Rock Python
• Indian Cobra
• Common Monitor Lizard
• Common Rat Snake

Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions

Q. Where is Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary located?

A. Bir Moti Bagh Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Patiala district of Punjab, India. It falls within the jurisdiction of the Patiala Forest Division (Wildlife). The sanctuary is situated on the Patiala – Dakala Road, approximately 5 km from the town of Patiala.