Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary located in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is situated near the Jawahar Sagar Dam on the Chambal River. The sanctuary is known for its diverse flora and fauna and is an important habitat for various wildlife species.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is ecologically important as it forms a part of the largest viable forest track among the fragmented forest belt of Rajasthan. The sanctuary is a part of Mukundra Hills National Park.
Some of the wildlife that can be found in the Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary include various species of birds, mammals, and reptiles. This includes species like leopards, hyenas, jackals, chinkaras, crocodiles, and a wide variety of bird species.
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Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Location
The Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the south eastern region of the Rajasthan in Chittorgarh district. It is situated in Northen Vindhyans. The Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated 35 km from Rawatbhata and 75 km from Bundi.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is the Kota Airport (also known as Rana Pratap Airport), located in Kota, Rajasthan. The distance between the sanctuary and Kota Airport is approximately 50 kilometers.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
The nearest railway station to Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is likely the Kota Junction railway station, which is a major railway station in Kota, Rajasthan. It is well-connected to various cities across India. The distance between the sanctuary and Kota Junction railway station is around 50 kilometers.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary History
Historical Background: The sanctuary comprises the forests of Earst while Hdoti state and Shikargahs of Kota. It was renowned for its rich wildlife during the pre-independence period and was home to a variety of species such as tigers, sloth bears, panthers, sambars, and chinkaras. However, over time, the tiger population gradually disappeared from the area.
Establishment: Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary was officially established in the year 1975. This designation aimed to safeguard the remaining biodiversity and natural habitats within the sanctuary's boundaries.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Area
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary covers an approximate area of 153.41 square kilometers.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary River
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is situated near the Jawahar Sagar Dam on the Chambal River in Rajasthan, India. The Chambal River is a significant water body that flows through several states in northern India. It is known for its diverse aquatic and riparian ecosystems and is home to various wildlife species, including crocodiles, gharials (a type of crocodilian), and various species of fish and birds.
There are several gorges in the Chambal river bed which are ideally suited for crocodile and Gharial. The sandy bed of the Nallahs joining Chambal is good breeding grounds for both crocodile and Gharial.
The sanctuary's proximity to the Chambal River adds to its ecological importance, as rivers often serve as critical habitats and corridors for a wide range of wildlife.
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Flora
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its diverse flora, which contributes to the richness of the ecosystem and provides habitat for various wildlife species.
The Jawahar Sagar Sanctuary fall under Northern tropical dry deciduous mixed forest are found on plateau the following sub type and group along with their subsidiary edaphic types are also recognised.
- Northern tropical dry deciduous forest
- Northern dry mixed deciduous forest
The main tree species found are:
- Haldu
- Mahua
- Amla
- Gurjan
- Dhaora
- Salar
- Tendu
- Khirni
- Karanj
- Umbia
- Bahera
- Arjun
- Aam
- Karpata
- Bad
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of fauna, including a variety of mammals, birds, reptiles, and aquatic species.
Mammals:
- Sloth Bear
- Leopard
- Bengal Fox
- Caracal
- Porcupine
- Indian Hare
- Jungle Cat
- Striped Hyaena
- Grey Wolf
- Sambar
- Chinkara
- Spotted Deer
Birds:
- Indian Peafowl
- Eagles
- Owls
- Waterfowl
Reptiles:
- Gharial
- Mugger
- Indian Python
- Monitor Lizard
Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. Where is Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary?
A. The Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the southeastern part of Rajasthan, specifically in the Chittorgarh district. It lies within the Northern Vindhyans geographical region. The sanctuary is positioned at a distance of 35 km from Rawatbhata and 75 km from Bundi.
Q. What is Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?
A. Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is famous for its diverse biodiversity, encompassing various plant and animal species within its natural habitats. It is particularly renowned for the following aspects:
(i) Flora and Fauna: The sanctuary is home to a wide range of flora and fauna, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and aquatic species. Visitors have the opportunity to witness and appreciate the rich biodiversity of the region.
(ii) Wildlife Conservation: Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary plays a crucial role in the conservation and protection of several endangered and vulnerable species, contributing to the preservation of Rajasthan's natural heritage.
(iii) Chambal River: The sanctuary's proximity to the Chambal River makes it a significant habitat for aquatic species such as gharials, mugger crocodiles, and various fish species. The river's unique ecosystem adds to the sanctuary's ecological importance.
(iv) Natural Beauty: The sanctuary's scenic landscapes, including forests, grasslands, and riverbanks, attract nature enthusiasts, photographers, and eco-tourists who appreciate the serene and picturesque surroundings.
(v) Eco-Tourism: Visitors have the opportunity to engage in ecotourism activities such as birdwatching, wildlife spotting, and exploring the natural beauty of the area. The sanctuary offers a chance to experience nature up close while promoting responsible tourism.
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