Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan, India. Guru Shikhar is the highest peak in the Aravalli Range and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. It is a popular destination for tourists visiting the sanctuary.
The sanctuary is known for its rich biodiversity, with a variety of plant species, including evergreen forests, bamboo forests, and grasslands. It is home to a wide range of wildlife, including several species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is a unique natural habitat within the arid state of Rajasthan and provides a refreshing escape for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers. It serves as an important conservation area for various species and contributes to the ecological balance of the region.
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Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Location
The Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Sirohi district of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is situated in the Aravalli Range, one of the oldest hill ranges in the world.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is Maharana Pratap Airport, also known as Dabok Airport, located in Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. The airport is approximately 176 kilometers (109 miles) away from Mount Abu.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
The nearest railway station to Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is Abu Road Railway Station (25 km). Abu Road Railway Station is well-connected to various major cities and towns in India, making it a convenient option for travelers who wish to visit the sanctuary.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary History
The history of Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is closely linked to the broader historical and geographical context of the region. Here is an overview of the historical aspects related to the sanctuary:
Ancient Times: The Mount Abu region has historical significance dating back to ancient times. It is mentioned in various Hindu scriptures and mythological texts. According to legend, it was the home of various sages and hermits, and it was believed to be a place of meditation and spiritual retreat.
Rajput Kingdoms: The region around Mount Abu has been inhabited by various Rajput clans and kingdoms throughout history. The Rajput rulers recognized the natural beauty and ecological importance of the area and often used it as a summer retreat.
Colonial Period: During the British colonial era, Mount Abu became a popular hill station for British officials and travelers seeking respite from the heat of the plains. The region's cool climate and scenic landscapes attracted visitors and contributed to the development of tourism.
Wildlife Sanctuary Establishment: The Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary was officially established in 1960 to conserve the diverse flora and fauna of the region. The sanctuary was created to protect the unique ecosystem of the Aravalli Range and provide a safe habitat for various species of wildlife.
Eco-Sensitive Zone Notification: On November 11, 2020, an eco-sensitive zone around the Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary was officially notified. This step was taken to further enhance the protection and conservation of the sanctuary's fragile ecosystem and its surrounding areas.
The establishment of an eco-sensitive zone helps regulate certain activities that could potentially have a negative impact on the sanctuary's environment and wildlife. This notification underscores the authorities' commitment to maintaining the ecological balance and sustainability of the region, in line with ongoing conservation efforts.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Area
The Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 326.10 square kilometers (125.83 square miles). This area includes diverse landscapes such as evergreen forests, bamboo groves, rocky hills, and grasslands.
The sanctuary is situated in the Aravalli Range and is known for its rich biodiversity, housing a variety of plant and animal species within its boundaries. The sanctuary's varied terrain and habitats contribute to its significance as a conservation area and a destination for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Hills
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Aravalli Range, which is a range of hills in western India. The sanctuary itself encompasses a diverse landscape of hills, valleys, and plateaus within the Aravalli Range.
The hills within and around the sanctuary contribute to its scenic beauty and create a variety of habitats for different plant and animal species.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Lake
While the Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary itself does not contain a lake within its boundaries, there is a significant and famous lake located near the sanctuary. This lake is known as Nakki Lake, and it is situated at the base of the hills in Mount Abu, Rajasthan, India.
Nakki Lake is a popular tourist destination and a prominent feature of the Mount Abu hill station. It is surrounded by hills and lush greenery, adding to the scenic beauty of the area. Visitors often come to Nakki Lake to enjoy boating, take leisurely walks along its shores, and appreciate the serene atmosphere.
While Nakki Lake is not directly part of the Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, it is in close proximity and contributes to the overall natural charm of the region. The sanctuary itself is known for its diverse flora and fauna, including various species of animals and birds, and offers opportunities for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers to explore and experience the unique ecosystem of the Aravalli Range.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Flora
The Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is characterized by a diverse range of flora due to its varied topography and climatic conditions. The sanctuary's elevation and location within the Aravalli Range contribute to its unique plant communities.
Here are some of the notable types of flora found in the sanctuary:
(1) Deciduous Forests:
These forests consist of trees that shed their leaves during certain seasons. Tree species such as Anogeissus pendula, Lagerstroemia parviflora, and Mitragyna parvifolia are commonly found in the deciduous forests of the sanctuary.
(2) Subtropical Thorn Forests:
Subtropical thorn forests are typically found in regions with a subtropical climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. These forests are dominated by thorny shrubs and small trees that are well-suited to the arid conditions. Some examples of plant species you might find in subtropical thorn forests are Acacia spp., Prosopis cineraria (khejri), Ziziphus mauritiana (ber), and Capparis decidua (karira). These forests have evolved to thrive in areas with limited water availability.
(3) Bamboo Groves:
Bamboo is an important component of the sanctuary's flora. Different species of bamboo, such as Dendrocalamus strictus and Bambusa arundinacea, form dense groves that provide habitat for various animals and birds.
(4) Grasslands:
Open grasslands and meadows are interspersed throughout the sanctuary. These areas support a variety of grass species, herbaceous plants, and wildflowers, contributing to the overall biodiversity and providing foraging grounds for herbivores.
(5) Aquatic Plants:
Near water bodies like Nakki Lake, you can find aquatic plants such as Nymphaea spp. (water lilies) and other wetland vegetation that play a role in the aquatic ecosystem.
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)
Which animal is famous in Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary?
The Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of fauna, including various species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and insects. The sanctuary's varied habitats, which include forests, grasslands, and water bodies, support a rich and unique ecosystem.
Here are some of the notable species of fauna found in the sanctuary:
Mammals:
- Leopard
- Sambar
- Jungle Cat
- Small Indian Civet
- Grey Wolf
- Striped Hyaena
- Golden Jackal
- Bengal Fox
- Grey Langur
- Wild Boar
- Sloth Bear
- Indian Pangolin
- Grey Mongoose
- Indian Hare
- Indian Crested Porcupine
Birds:
- Grey Junglefowl
- Baya Weaver
- Green Avadavat
- Green Munia
- Pied Tit
- Oriental Whitebacked Vulture
- Long-billed Vulture
Reptiles:
- Indian Python
- Monitor Lizard
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. Which state is Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary in?/Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is located in which district?
A. Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the state of Rajasthan, India. It is situated in the Sirohi district of Rajasthan. The sanctuary is part of the Aravalli Range and is known for its diverse flora and fauna, making it a significant conservation area and a popular destination for eco-tourism and nature enthusiasts.
Q. What is Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?/Is Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary worth visiting?
A. Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary is famous for several reasons:
(i) Biodiversity: The sanctuary is known for its rich biodiversity, housing a diverse range of flora and fauna within its boundaries. It is home to various species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and plant species, making it an important conservation area.
(ii) Indian Leopard: One of the main attractions of the sanctuary is the presence of the Indian leopard. This elusive and majestic big cat species can be spotted in the sanctuary, adding to its allure for wildlife enthusiasts.
(iii) Birdwatching: The sanctuary is a haven for birdwatchers, with over 250 species of birds recorded in the area. Birdwatching enthusiasts can enjoy spotting a variety of avian species in their natural habitat.
(iv) Scenic Beauty: The sanctuary is situated in the picturesque Aravalli Range and is characterized by its stunning landscapes, including hills, valleys, and forests. Visitors can enjoy the natural beauty and tranquility of the area.
(v) Nakki Lake: While not part of the sanctuary itself, Nakki Lake is a popular attraction located nearby. It adds to the charm of the region and offers opportunities for boating and leisurely walks.
(vi) Eco-Tourism: Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary provides opportunities for eco-tourism, trekking, and nature exploration. Visitors can engage in activities that promote a deeper understanding of the local ecosystem while enjoying the outdoors.
(vii) Cultural and Historical Significance: Mount Abu has cultural and historical significance, being mentioned in Hindu scriptures and serving as a retreat for sages and hermits. The presence of temples and historical sites adds to its appeal.
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