Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the eastern part of Telangana, India. It is part of the Eastern Ghats region, characterized by its hilly terrain and rich biodiversity.
The sanctuary is named after the Kinnerasani River, which is a tributary of the Godavari River. This river is vital for the sanctuary's ecosystem as it provides food, fodder, water, and shelter for the wildlife.
The sanctuary boasts a diverse range of flora and fauna. It is home to several threatened plant species and a variety of animals, including tigers, leopards, jackals, wild dogs, sloth bears, giant squirrels, and various bird species.
The sanctuary primarily falls within the Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forests biogeographic zone. It features dry deciduous Teak forests with Bamboo, Terminalias, Anogeissus, and Cassia.
The best time to visit the sanctuary is between October and June.
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Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Location
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Khammam district of Telangana, India. It is situated near the town of Paloncha in the eastern part of the state.
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is strategically located, serving as a central point connecting other protected areas in the region, including Eturunagaram Sanctuary, Pakal Wildlife Sanctuary, and Papikonda National Park.
It also plays a role in connecting natural corridors to other sanctuaries and the Kawal Tiger Reserve in Telangana and the Papikonda National Park in Andhra Pradesh.
Visitors can access the sanctuary by road, with Bhadrachalam being the nearest town and transportation hub, located approximately 25 kilometers away.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is the Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, located in Hyderabad, the capital city of Telangana. The sanctuary is approximately 250-260 kilometers away from this airport, and it's the most convenient option for travelers arriving by air.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
The nearest railway station to the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is the Bhadrachalam Railway Station, which is situated about 25 kilometers away from the sanctuary. Bhadrachalam is the closest town with a railway station, and from there, you can arrange local transportation to reach the sanctuary.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary History
The history of the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is primarily centered around its establishment and development as a protected area for wildlife conservation. Here's a brief history of the sanctuary:
Mythological Significance: The sanctuary's history is also intertwined with Indian mythology. It is believed to be part of "Dandakaranya," where Lord Rama is said to have walked during his exile (Aranyavasa) period. This mythological connection adds to the cultural and historical significance of the sanctuary.
Initial Recognition: The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary was initially recognized for its ecological significance and rich biodiversity. The area was identified as an important habitat for various wildlife species, including tigers, leopards, and several bird species.
Notification as a Wildlife Sanctuary: The sanctuary was officially notified as a wildlife sanctuary in the year 1977. This declaration aimed to provide legal protection to the area's flora and fauna and to promote conservation efforts.
Tourism and Visitor Engagement: Over the years, the sanctuary has also opened up for tourism, offering visitors the opportunity to explore its natural beauty and observe wildlife through organized safari tours. Tourism not only contributes to the local economy but also raises awareness about the importance of conservation.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Area
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over an area of approximately 635.4 square kilometers. This significant expanse of land makes it one of the notable wildlife sanctuaries in the Indian state of Telangana.
The sanctuary's considerable size allows for the preservation and protection of a diverse range of flora and fauna within its boundaries. The varied ecosystems and habitats within this extensive area contribute to the sanctuary's importance in terms of biodiversity and conservation efforts.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary River
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is named after the Kinnerasani River, which flows through the sanctuary. This river is a significant water source within the sanctuary and plays a crucial role in supporting the local ecosystem. Here are some key details about the Kinnerasani River and its significance within the sanctuary:
Perennial River: The Kinnerasani River is a perennial river, meaning it flows throughout the year. This continuous water source is vital for the wildlife, providing them with access to water for drinking and other purposes.
Tributary of Godavari: The Kinnerasani River is a tributary of the Godavari River, one of the major rivers in India. As a tributary, it ultimately contributes to the Godavari's flow.
Ecosystem Support: The river contributes to the sanctuary's ecosystem by providing food, fodder, water, and shelter to the wildlife living in the area. It is a lifeline for many species of animals and plants.
Scenic Beauty: The river also adds to the scenic beauty of the sanctuary. Its meandering course through the landscape enhances the overall natural beauty of the area, making it an attractive destination for tourists and nature enthusiasts.
Mythological Significance: In Indian mythology, the Kinnerasani River is considered divine and holy. The forests through which it flows are believed to have attained holiness due to the footprints of Lord Rama, who is said to have trekked through these areas during his exile (Aranyavasa) period.
Overall, the Kinnerasani River is a vital component of the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary, sustaining its wildlife and contributing to the sanctuary's ecological health and beauty.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Lake
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its central lake, known as Kinnerasani Lake. This lake is situated within the sanctuary and is surrounded by densely forested islands.
The presence of the lake adds to the sanctuary's natural beauty and provides a water source for the wildlife within the area. It can also be a spot for birdwatching and enjoying the serene environment.
The lake is a significant feature of the sanctuary's ecosystem, offering a water body that supports various species of plants and animals.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Flora
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana, India, features a diverse range of flora, which contributes to the sanctuary's ecological richness and biodiversity. Here are some of the notable flora species found within the sanctuary:
Pterocarpus marsupium: Also known as Indian Kino Tree or Vijaysar, this tree is prized for its medicinal properties and the extract obtained from its heartwood.
Tectona grandis (Teak): Teak is one of the most valuable timber trees in India, known for its durable wood used in furniture and construction.
Anogeissus latifolia: Commonly known as Axlewood or Dhava, this deciduous tree is native to the Indian subcontinent and is an important component of the sanctuary's dry deciduous forests.
Terminalia alata: This tree species, commonly known as the Indian laurel or Indian silver greywood, is found in the sanctuary's dry deciduous habitat.
Adina cordifolia: Also known as Indian Whitewood or Haldu, this tree is native to India and is used for its timber and medicinal properties.
Hardwickia binata: Hardwickia, or Indian Rosewood, is another tree species found in the sanctuary, known for its sturdy wood and utility in various applications.
Sterculia urens: This tree is known for its gummy exudate and is used for medicinal purposes.
Emblica officinalis (Indian Gooseberry): Amla, as it's commonly known, is a fruit-bearing tree with significant medicinal and culinary uses.
Diospyros melanoxylon: Also known as the Coromandel Ebony or Temburini, this tree provides valuable timber.
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)
The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana, India, is home to a diverse range of fauna, including mammals, birds, reptiles, and other wildlife species. Here is a list of some of the notable fauna found within the sanctuary:
Mammals:
- Tiger
- Leopard
- Jackal
- Wild Dog
- Wolf
- Indian Fox
- Striped Hyaena
- Jungle Cat
- Leopard Cat
- Sloth Bear
- Giant Squirrel
- Sambar Deer
- Bluebull
- Spotted Deer
- Four-horned Antelope
Birds:
- Golden Oriole
- Hoopoe
- Grey Junglefowl
Reptiles:
- Indian Rock Python
- Monitor Lizard
- Spectacled Cobra
- Mugger
Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. In which state is Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary?/In which district is Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana?/Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary situated in which area?
A. The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Indian state of Telangana. It is situated in the Khammam district of Telangana, in the eastern part of the state.
Q. When was Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary established?
A. The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary was officially established and notified as a wildlife sanctuary in the year 1977. The notification was issued to legally recognize and protect the area as a sanctuary, emphasizing the importance of conserving its biodiversity and preserving the natural habitats for various wildlife species.
Q. What is Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?
A. The Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary in Telangana, India, is famous for several reasons:
(i) Rich Biodiversity: The sanctuary is renowned for its rich and diverse wildlife, including tigers, leopards, sloth bears, various deer species, wild dogs, and numerous bird species. It is a haven for nature enthusiasts and wildlife photographers.
(ii) Tiger Conservation: Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its efforts in conserving and protecting the tiger population. Conservation initiatives within the sanctuary aim to safeguard this iconic big cat species.
(iii) Mythological Significance: According to Indian mythology, the forests of the Kinnerasani Wildlife Sanctuary are considered divine and holy. They are believed to have gained sanctity due to the footprints of Lord Rama, who is said to have trekked through these areas during his exile period.
(iv) Natural Beauty: The sanctuary is famous for its picturesque landscapes, which include hills, forests, riverbanks, meadows, and the central Kinnerasani Lake. Visitors can enjoy the serene natural beauty and engage in activities like birdwatching, trekking, and nature walks.
(v) Cultural Significance: The sanctuary is located in an area inhabited by indigenous tribal communities. These communities have their own unique cultures and traditional ties to the forests, adding cultural significance to the region.
(vi) Connectivity: The sanctuary's strategic location connects it to other protected areas and wildlife corridors in the region, contributing to regional conservation efforts.
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