Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the northeastern part of India, specifically in the state of Nagaland.
The sanctuary features diverse landscapes, including hills, high ridges, deep gorges, and narrow valleys. This variation in terrain results in a wide range of altitudes, contributing to the sanctuary's varied vegetation.
The primary habitat in the sanctuary is tropical and sub-tropical evergreen forest, providing essential ecological niches for the diverse wildlife species.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is an important site for avian biodiversity. It is known to house Mrs. Hume's Pheasant, Blyth's Tragopan, Rufous-necked Hornbill, and various other bird species. The area falls under the Eastern Himalayas Endemic Bird Area and is recognized for its significance in bird conservation.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is open for visitors year-round except during the monsoon season.
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Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Location
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Kiphire district of of Nagaland, India. It is situated close to the India-Myanmar border.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Airport:
The nearest airport to Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary in Nagaland is Dimapur Airport. Dimapur Airport is the primary airport serving the state of Nagaland and is located approximately 220 kilometers (about 137 miles) away from Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary. Travelers can reach Dimapur Airport by air from various major Indian cities.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Nearest Railway Station:
The nearest railway station to Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is also Dimapur Railway Station. Dimapur Railway Station is well-connected to other parts of India through the Indian Railways network. From Dimapur Railway Station, you can continue your journey to Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary by road, as it is the most practical mode of transportation to reach the sanctuary.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary History
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary doesn't have a widely documented historical background, but its establishment as a protected area is rooted in the conservation efforts of the region.
Establishment: In 1980, Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary was established to safeguard the Blyth's Tragopan, a bird species found in this region.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Area
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary covers an area of approximately 642 hectares (about 6.41 square kilometers). This sanctuary encompasses a variety of landscapes, including hills, high ridges, deep gorges, and narrow valleys.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Flora
What is the flora of Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary?
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary boasts a diverse range of flora due to its varied landscapes, altitudes, and the region's heavy rainfall. Here are some of the key elements of the sanctuary's flora:
(1) Tropical and Subtropical Evergreen Forests:
The sanctuary is predominantly covered by tropical and subtropical evergreen forests. These lush forests consist of trees that retain their leaves throughout the year, contributing to the region's rich biodiversity.
(2) Diverse Tree Species:
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a variety of tree species, including but not limited to:
- Artocarpus Sp.
- Terminalia chebula
- Tectona grandis
- Mesua ferea
- Biscofia javanica
- Ficus Spp.
- Spondias Sp.
- Castinopsis Sp.
- Anthocephalus kadamba
- Bombax ceiba
- Tetramelus nudiflora
- Trevia nudiflora
- Bauhunia Sp.
- Largestromia Sp.
(3) Ferns and Orchids:
The sanctuary's undergrowth is characterized by a wide variety of ferns and orchids. The region's heavy rainfall supports the growth of these plants, making Fakim a hotspot for fern and orchid enthusiasts.
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Fauna (Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary Animals)
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is home to a diverse range of fauna, including various mammals, birds, and other wildlife species. Here's a list of some of the notable fauna found in the sanctuary:
Mammals:
- Sumatran Rhinoceros
- Tiger
- Leopard
- Clouded Leopard
- Golden Cat
- Himalayan Black Bear
- Spotted deer
- Sambar Deer
- Golden Jackal
- Barking Deer
- Assamese Macaque
- Capped langur
- Assamese Macaque
- Rhesus Macaque
- Stump-tailed Macaque
- Pig-tailed Macaque
- Hoolock Gibbon
- Slow Loris
- Wild Dog
- Wild Boar
- Gaur
- Goral
- Serow
Birds:
What birds are in the Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary?
- Mrs. Hume’s Pheasant
- Blyth’s Tragopan
- Rufous-necked Hornbill
Reptiles:
- Monitor Lizard
- Burmese Rock Python
- Burmese Tortoise
Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary UPSC Questions
Q. Where is Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary located?/In which district is Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary located?
A. Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Kiphire district of Nagaland, India. It is situated in the northeastern part of the country, near the India-Myanmar border.
Q. When was Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary established?
A. Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary was officially notified in the year 1980. This notification signifies its establishment as a protected area for the conservation of its unique biodiversity, including the Blyth's Tragopan and other wildlife species.
Q. What is Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary famous for?
A. Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary, located in Nagaland, India, is famous for several reasons:
(i) Biodiversity: The sanctuary is renowned for its rich biodiversity, including a wide variety of flora and fauna. It is home to numerous wildlife species, including tigers, leopards, clouded leopards, Himalayan bears, various deer species, and a diverse range of bird species.
(ii) Bird Conservation: Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary is particularly notable for its role in bird conservation. It is home to the Blyth's Tragopan (Tragopan blythii), a vulnerable bird species native to the region. The sanctuary provides a protected habitat for these and other avian species.
(iii) Scenic Beauty: The sanctuary's varied landscapes, including hills, ridges, gorges, and valleys, make it an attractive destination for nature enthusiasts. Its pristine forests and lush green meadows add to its scenic beauty.
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